Frictionless Chillers
Conventional chiller technologies with centrifugal, screw or scroll compressors use mechanical type of bearings. These bearings are located on both end of rotor and may be ball or roller type. Oil lubrication system is used for these bearings. Part of the power consumed by a compressor is used to overcome friction of these mechanical bearings.
Frictionless compressors use electromagnetic bearings for rotation. This relatively new technology uses no oil for lubrication system. During rotation, rotor is suspended by magnetic action of the bearings. Alignment is maintained by leveling sensors. These sensors with interconnecting processor ensure operational alignment. There is no mechanical contact. Elimination of contact surfaces provides frictionless operation.
This technology has been successfully used for commercial buildings. Chillers presently available are in the middle capacity range, from 150 to 400 ton. These are VFD driven centrifugal impeller type with permanent magnet motors.
Part load performance of these chillers is unmatchable in this range. For full load operation, chillers with screw compressors are better. Screw compressor chillers are cheap and their full load performance is almost equal to these frictionless chillers for this range. It is their part load operation which is unbeatable. Due to these reasons, they are used for projects which need part operation most of the time. As most of the buildings operate only 1% of the time at 100% capacity, part load performance determines chiller selection. This holds true for all types of buildings.
Noise level of these chillers is less than 75 dba. Due to reduced noise level these can be placed close to occupied areas. Machine is vibration free. There are no issues of vibration transmission to structure with these types of chillers. Due to few mechanical parts, less breakdown and maintenance is involved. Operation is trouble free with soft start due to VSD operation. Operating hours increase with frictionless chillers. Maintenance cost is reduced.
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